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03:_Number_and_Operations
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<p class="lt-math-9841"></p><div id="mt-guide-tabs" class="noindex" data-ga-action="Guide tabs"><div class="mt-guide-tabs-container mt-tabs" data-page-id="9841" data-tabs-configuration-key="mindtouch#idf.guideTabs" data-user-can-edit="true" data-show-edit-controls="true"><div class="mt-guide-add-button-container"><button class="mt-guide-tabs-add-button ui-button-icon mt-icon-add-guide-tab"></button></div><ul class="mt-guide-tabs-selectors"><li class="mt-guide-tab ui-state-default " data-guid="fac89a38-a99d-42de-bf6f-c64825a915c9" data-template-path="MindTouch/IDF3/Views/Topic_hierarchy" data-template-title="Topic hierarchy"><button class="mt-icon-tab-move mt-guide-tab-move-button ui-icon-button"></button><button class="mt-icon-tab-delete mt-guide-tab-delete-button ui-icon-button"></button><a class="mt-guide-tab-link mt-no-scroll" data-ga-label="Tab Topic_hierarchy 1" href="/Sandboxes/johnnyphung/math_elem_teachers/03:_Number_and_Operations#fac89a38-a99d-42de-bf6f-c64825a915c9">Topic hierarchy</a><button class="mt-icon-tab-edit mt-guide-tab-edit-button mt-icon-tab-editor-off ui-icon-button" tabindex="-1"></button><button class="mt-icon-tab-save mt-guide-tab-save-button mt-icon-tab-editor-on ui-icon-button" tabindex="-1"></button><button class="mt-icon-tab-cancel mt-guide-tab-cancel-button mt-icon-tab-editor-on ui-icon-button" tabindex="-1"></button></li></ul><div id="fac89a38-a99d-42de-bf6f-c64825a915c9" class="mt-guide-content"></div></div></div><script type="application/json" id="mt-localizations-guide-tabs-display">/*<![CDATA[*/{"MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.deletetab.cancel":"Cancel","MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.deletetab.delete":"Delete tab","MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.deletetab.message":"Are you sure you wish to remove this guide tab?","MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.deletetab.title":"Delete tab","MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.tabscrollleft":"Scroll tabs left","MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.tabscrollright":"Scroll tabs right","MindTouch.IDF3.label.reveal.showAll":"Show all","MindTouch.IDF3.label.reveal.showLess":"Show less","MindTouch.LearningPath.label.view-path":"[MISSING: MindTouch.LearningPath.label.view-path]"}/*]]>*/</script><script type="application/json" id="mt-localizations-guide-tabs-settings">/*<![CDATA[*/{"MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.settings.classifications":"Classification settings","MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.settings.learningpath":"Path settings","MindTouch.IDF3.label.overview.max.count":"{0} characters remaining.","MindTouch.IDF3.label.overview.max.count.over":"Warning. {0} characters will be truncated.","MindTouch.LearningPath.dialog.remove.cancel":"Cancel","MindTouch.LearningPath.dialog.remove.confirm":"OK","MindTouch.LearningPath.dialog.remove.header":"Remove path","MindTouch.LearningPath.dialog.remove.message":"You are about to remove this path from this guide."}/*]]>*/</script><script type="application/json" id="mt-localizations-guide-tabs-settings">/*<![CDATA[*/{"MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.settings.classifications":"Classification settings","MindTouch.IDF3.label.guide.settings.learningpath":"Path settings","MindTouch.IDF3.label.overview.max.count":"{0} characters remaining.","MindTouch.IDF3.label.overview.max.count.over":"Warning. {0} characters will be truncated.","MindTouch.LearningPath.dialog.remove.cancel":"Cancel","MindTouch.LearningPath.dialog.remove.confirm":"OK","MindTouch.LearningPath.dialog.remove.header":"Remove path","MindTouch.LearningPath.dialog.remove.message":"You are about to remove this path from this guide."}/*]]>*/</script> <p class="lt-math-9841">The “Dots and Boxes” approach to understanding operations used in this part (and throughout this book) comes from James Tanton, and is used with his permission. See his development of these and other ideas at <u><a href="http://gdaymath.com/" target="_blank" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="external">http://gdaymath.com/</a></u>.</p>
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