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1.28:_Imperatif
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<div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p data-hook="rcv-block-first"><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr">The <strong>imperative </strong>(L’impératif) is commonly used in daily conversations. It is the equivalent of: do this, don’t do that, let’s do this, …</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr">The Imperative is used in French in several contexts:</span></p> <ul> <li><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr"><strong>to give commands /orders, </strong></span></li> <li><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr"><strong>to express interdiction, advice, invitation, or </strong></span></li> <li><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr"><strong>to express a wish.</strong> </span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p class="eSWI6 _1j-51 _1FoOD _78FBa sk96G9 roLFQS public-DraftStyleDefault-block-depth0 fixed-tab-size public-DraftStyleDefault-text-ltr"><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr"><strong>How to easily form the imperative tense in French?</strong></span></p> <p class="eSWI6 _1j-51 _1FoOD _78FBa sk96G9 roLFQS public-DraftStyleDefault-block-depth0 fixed-tab-size public-DraftStyleDefault-text-ltr"><span style="text-align:initial;font-size:1em;">L’impératif is very similar to present tense, except that it is only used for the personal pronouns subjects</span><strong style="text-align: initial;font-size: 1em"> tu</strong><span style="text-align:initial;font-size:1em;">,</span><strong style="text-align: initial;font-size: 1em">nous</strong><span style="text-align:initial;font-size:1em;">, and </span><strong style="text-align: initial;font-size: 1em">vous</strong><span style="text-align:initial;font-size:1em;">, and there is </span><span style="text-decoration:underline;">no subject</span><span style="text-align:initial;font-size:1em;">.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <table class="mt-responsive-table" style="border-collapse:collapse;height:90px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;">Present</td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;"><strong>Imperative</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;">Tu mange<strong>s</strong> des fruits.</td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;"><span style="color:#000080;">☞ Mang<strong>e</strong> des fruits !</span> *</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;">Tu vas dans ta chambre.</td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;"><span style="color:#000080;">☞ Va dans ta chambre !</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;">Tu ouvres la porte.</td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;"><span style="color:#000080;">☞ Ouvre la porte !</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><span class="mt-bgcolor-ffff99">* <span style="color:#800080;">Note</span>:</span> <span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr">For the second person of singular <strong>tu</strong>, the verbs of the first group ending with <strong>ER</strong>, and those of the third group, there is <strong>no need to add an</strong> “<strong>s</strong>“. The same is applicable to the verb “<strong>aller</strong>” which is an irregular verb. </span></p> <span id="Forming_the_French_Negative_Imperative"></span><h5><strong>Forming the French Negative Imperative</strong></h5> <p>The negative imperative French is just as easy. All you do is put the <strong>ne…pas</strong> around the verb.</p> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ Ne</strong> parle <strong>pas</strong> ! </span> <span style="color:#808080;"><em>Don’t speak!</em></span></p> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ Ne </strong>finissez <strong>pas</strong> votre café ! </span> <span style="color:#808080;"><em>Don’t finish your coffee!</em></span></p> <p><span style="text-align:initial;font-size:1em;">Practice</span></p> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"><iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="411" src="https://pressbooks.pub/introductiontofrench1/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&id=35" title="Impératif - PB" width="686"></iframe><script src="https://pressbooks.pub/app/plugins/h5p/h5p-php-library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script> <span id="Imperative_in_French_with_irregular_verbs"></span><h5><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr">Imperative in French with irregular verbs</span></h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p class="mm8Nw _1j-51 roLFQS _1FoOD _3M0Fe Z63qyL roLFQS public-DraftStyleDefault-block-depth0 fixed-tab-size public-DraftStyleDefault-text-ltr"><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr">Some verbs like <strong>avoir, être, </strong><strong>aller</strong>, <strong>savoir</strong>, or <strong>vouloir</strong> are irregular and you need to know how to conjugate them by heart to be able to use them correctly.</span> <span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr">For example, this how the imperative tense will look like for these verbs :</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <table class="mt-responsive-table" style="border-collapse:collapse;height:72px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;text-align:center;"><strong>Avoir</strong></td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;text-align:center;">aie, ayons ayez</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;text-align:center;"><strong>Être</strong></td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;text-align:center;">sois, soyons, soyez</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;text-align:center;"><strong>Aller</strong></td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;text-align:center;">va, allons, allez</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:12px;text-align:center;"><strong>Savoir</strong></td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:12px;text-align:center;">sache, sachons, sachez</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;text-align:center;"><strong>Vouloir</strong></td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5" style="height:15px;text-align:center;">veuille, veuillons, veuillez</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Practice</p> <iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="411" src="https://pressbooks.pub/introductiontofrench1/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&id=41" title="Impératif des verbes irréguliers - PB" width="686"></iframe><script src="https://pressbooks.pub/app/plugins/h5p/h5p-php-library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <span id="Imperative_with_reflexive_verbs"></span><h5><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr">Imperative with reflexive verbs</span></h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p class="mm8Nw _1j-51 roLFQS _1FoOD _78FBa sk96G9 roLFQS public-DraftStyleDefault-block-depth0 fixed-tab-size public-DraftStyleDefault-text-ltr"><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr">With reflexive verbs, imperative mood is built like this</span></p> <table class="mt-responsive-table" style="border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-10"><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr"><strong>verb + the reflexive pronoun</strong> (toi, nous or vous),separated by a hyphen.</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><span class="_2PHJq public-DraftStyleDefault-ltr"><span class="mt-bgcolor-ffff99">Note: </span>that in the <strong>negative imperative form</strong>, we use the regular pronouns te, nous, or vous.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ Lève-toi tôt !</strong> </span> <span style="color:#808080;"><em>Get up early !</em></span></p> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ Ne te lève pas tard !</strong></span> <span style="color:#808080;"><em>Don’t get up late!</em></span></p> <p><strong style="font-size: 1.125em">Place des pronoms compléments à l’impératif</strong></p> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <table class="mt-responsive-table" style="border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5">Parle-<strong>lui !</strong></td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5">Mangez-en !</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5">Regardez-le !</td> <td class="mt-noheading mt-column-width-5">Donnez-moi ce ticket !</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"><strong>Noter</strong>: « <strong>me</strong> » et « <strong>te</strong> » deviennent « <strong>moi</strong> » et « <strong>toi</strong> ».</div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text" style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ </strong>Écoutez-<strong>moi</strong></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"><strong>À noter : </strong>Il faut garder le « <strong>s</strong> » à la forme avec « <strong>tu</strong> » quand il est suivi des pronoms « <strong>y</strong> » ou « <strong>en</strong> » pour faire la liaison.</div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text" style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ </strong>Parle<strong>s</strong>-en à ton médecin.</span></div> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text" style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ </strong>Va<strong>s</strong>-y ce matin.</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"><strong>À</strong> <strong>la forme négative</strong>, les pronoms compléments se placent <strong>avant</strong> le verbe et ne changent pas.</div> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text" style="padding-left: 40px"> <p><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ </strong>Ne <strong>lui</strong> parle pas.</span><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>☞ </strong>Ne <strong>le</strong> regarde pas.</span></p> <p>Practice</p> <iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="411" src="https://pressbooks.pub/introductiontofrench1/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&id=42" title="Impératif avec les pronoms - PB" width="686"></iframe><script src="https://pressbooks.pub/app/plugins/h5p/h5p-php-library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> 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