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1.07:_Adjectifs
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<div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><strong>Adjectives</strong> are used to describe people and things.</p> <p>In French, adjectives agree with the nouns and pronouns they modify</p> <ul> <li>in gender (masculine or feminine) and</li> <li>in number (singular or plural).</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#0000ff;">☞ Paul est français.</span> <span style="color:#0000ff;">Virginie est français<strong>e</strong>.</span><br /> <span style="color:#0000ff;">☞</span> <span style="color:#0000ff;">Jean et Richard sont intelligent<strong>s</strong>. Anne et Kate sont intelligent<strong>es</strong>.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><span class="mt-color-ff6600">➤</span> Adjectives that end in –<strong>e </strong>in the masculine singular remain the same in the feminine singular.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-image-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-image"><img title="" class="aligncenter internal" alt="Table comparing linguistic terms: "singular" and "plural" with their meanings and English translations." loading="lazy" src="https://human.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/121891/file-631df1baaa17b.png?revision=1" /></div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><span style="color:#0000ff;">☞ Paul est intelligent. Virginie est intelligent<strong>e</strong>.</span></p> <iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="411" src="https://pressbooks.pub/introductiontofrench1/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&id=79" title="Adjectifs - ex.1" width="686"></iframe><script src="https://pressbooks.pub/app/plugins/h5p/h5p-php-library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent h5p-dragnbar-element"> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent h5p-dragnbar-element"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><span class="mt-color-ff6600">➤</span> Adjectives that end in –<strong>s</strong> or –<strong>x</strong> in the masculine singular remain the same in the masculine plural.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#0000ff;">☞ </span> <span style="color:#0000ff;">Paul est <strong>courtois</strong>. Antoine et Vincent sont <strong>courtois</strong>.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#0000ff;">☞ Jean est <strong>sérieux</strong>. Marc et Henri sont <strong>sérieux</strong>.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><span class="mt-color-ff6600">➤</span> Adjectives that do not follow the above patterns are <strong>irregular.</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p>Pronunciation</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-image-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-image"><img title="" class="aligncenter internal" alt="Table comparing restrictions and planets, listing attributes and corresponding examples for each category." loading="lazy" src="https://human.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/121892/file-631df59019e03.png?revision=1" /></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-dragnresize-handle nw"> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <span id="Adjectifs_irr.C3.A9guliers"></span><span id="Adjectifs_irr.C3.A9guliers"></span><h5><strong>Adjectifs irréguliers</strong></h5> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-dragnresize-handle ne"> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p>Many <strong>irregular adjectives</strong> have their own patterns.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <ul> <li>adjectives in <strong>-eux</strong></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent h5p-dragnbar-element"> <div class="h5p-dragnresize-handle se"> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-image-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-image"><img title="" class="aligncenter internal" alt="Table listing types of files and their attributes, including "original" with description and "jpeg" with details on image format." loading="lazy" src="https://human.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/121893/file-631dfce645587.png?revision=1" /></div> <ul> <li>adjectives in <strong>-al</strong></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-image-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-image"><img title="" class="aligncenter internal" alt="Table comparing two items: "mangú" and "puré." Descriptions provided in Spanish under each category." loading="lazy" src="https://human.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/121894/file-631dfcfdd7c4d.png?revision=1" /></div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"><iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="411" src="https://pressbooks.pub/introductiontofrench1/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&id=81" title="Adjectifs en -eux & -al. ex." width="686"></iframe><script src="https://pressbooks.pub/app/plugins/h5p/h5p-php-library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script> <ul> <li>adjectives with irregular feminine forms</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-image-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-image"><img title="" class="aligncenter internal" alt="Table listing Spanish words and their meanings, with categories for masculine and feminine forms." loading="lazy" src="https://human.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/121895/file-631e00572886c.png?revision=1" /></div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><strong><span style="color:#800080;">Note: </span></strong><span style="text-align:initial;font-size:1em;">nouns that have endings similar to the above adjectives usually follow the same patterns.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-image-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-image"><img title="" class="aligncenter internal" alt="A table comparing irregular feminine and plural forms in French, showcasing examples like "un champion" to "une championne."" loading="lazy" src="https://human.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/121896/file-631e0077706e1.png?revision=1" /></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent h5p-dragnbar-element"> <div class="h5p-dragnresize-handle e"> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"><iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="411" src="https://pressbooks.pub/introductiontofrench1/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&id=82" title="Adjectifs irréguliers - 1" width="686"></iframe><script src="https://pressbooks.pub/app/plugins/h5p/h5p-php-library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script> <span id="La_place_des_adjectifs"></span><span id="La_place_des_adjectifs"></span><h5><strong>La place des adjectifs</strong></h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p>Note the position of the adjectives in the sentences on the right in the examples below.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#0000ff;">☞ J’ai un copain. J’ai un copain <strong>italien</strong>.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#0000ff;">☞ J’ai un cousin. J’ai un cousin <strong>sympathique</strong>.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><span class="mt-color-ff6600">➤ </span>In French, most adjectives come AFTER the noun.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p><span class="mt-color-ff6600">➤</span> A few common adjectives come <strong>BEFORE</strong> the noun.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-image-outer-element"><img height="424" title="" width="687" class="aligncenter internal" alt="Table listing names and their meanings in different languages, with explanations in each row." loading="lazy" src="https://human.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/121897/file-631e08c649fca.png?revision=1" /></div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p>A good way to remember which adjectives are placed before the noun is to remember the English phrase “<strong>MA BRAGS</strong>”.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-image-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-image"><img height="265" title="" width="501" class="aligncenter internal" alt="A formatted table displaying French words and their English translations, with columns for "Name," "Effort/Worker," "Bounty," "Rank," "Age," "Graduation," and "Star."" loading="lazy" src="https://human.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/121898/file-631e1044d08f2.png?revision=1" /></div> </div> <div style="text-align: left"> <p><span style="color:#800080;">*Note</span>: the forms <strong>bel</strong>, <strong>vieil</strong>, and <strong>nouvel</strong> are used only before a masculine singular noun that begins with <strong>a vowel </strong>or a silent ‘<strong>h</strong>’.</p> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#0000ff;">☞ Vincent est un <strong>bel</strong> <strong>h</strong>omme. </span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="h5p-element h5p-element-button-big h5p-transparent"> <div class="h5p-element-outer h5p-advancedtext-outer-element"> <div class="h5p-element-inner h5p-advanced-text"> <p style="padding-left: 40px"><span style="color:#0000ff;">☞ J’habite dans un <strong>nouvel </strong><strong>a</strong>ppartement.</span></p> <iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="411" src="https://pressbooks.pub/introductiontofrench1/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&id=83" title="Adjectifs - place" width="686"></iframe><script src="https://pressbooks.pub/app/plugins/h5p/h5p-php-library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
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