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<header> <nav aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <p><a href="/Sandboxes/johnnyphung/chem101/05:_Reference/Ions#">Chemistry 101: General Chemistry I</a> > <a href="/Sandboxes/johnnyphung/chem101/05:_Reference/Ions#">Reference</a></p> </nav> <h1>Ions</h1> </header> <main role="main"> <div id="preview" class="preview scrollEditor"> <div id="container-ruller"></div> <div id="preview-content"> <h2 type="section" data-unnumbered="true" id="know-your-ions" class="section-title"> Know Your IONS</h2> <h2 type="section" data-unnumbered="true" id="common-monatomic-ions" class="section-title"> COMMON MONATOMIC IONS</h2> <div class="table_tabular" style="text-align: center"> <div class="inline-tabular"><table class="tabular"> <tbody> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-width: 1px !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-width: 1px !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">1+</td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-width: 1px !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">2+</td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-width: 1px !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">3+</td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-width: 1px !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">4+</td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-width: 1px !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; "><div class="inline-tabular sub-table"><table class="tabular"> <tbody> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Hydrogen, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="3.129ex" height="1.754ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 1383.1 775.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="48" d="M128 622Q121 629 117 631T101 634T58 637H25V683H36Q57 680 180 680Q315 680 324 683H335V637H302Q262 636 251 634T233 622L232 500V378H517V622Q510 629 506 631T490 634T447 637H414V683H425Q446 680 569 680Q704 680 713 683H724V637H691Q651 636 640 634T622 622V61Q628 51 639 49T691 46H724V0H713Q692 3 569 3Q434 3 425 0H414V46H447Q489 47 498 49T517 61V332H232V197L233 61Q239 51 250 49T302 46H335V0H324Q303 3 180 3Q45 3 36 0H25V46H58Q100 47 109 49T128 61V622Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(783,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span> Lithium, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="3.475ex" height="1.86ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -822.3 1536.1 822.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4C" d="M128 622Q121 629 117 631T101 634T58 637H25V683H36Q48 680 182 680Q324 680 348 683H360V637H333Q273 637 258 635T233 622L232 342V129Q232 57 237 52Q243 47 313 47Q384 47 410 53Q470 70 498 110T536 221Q536 226 537 238T540 261T542 272T562 273H582V268Q580 265 568 137T554 5V0H25V46H58Q100 47 109 49T128 61V622Z"></path><path data-c="69" d="M69 609Q69 637 87 653T131 669Q154 667 171 652T188 609Q188 579 171 564T129 549Q104 549 87 564T69 609ZM247 0Q232 3 143 3Q132 3 106 3T56 1L34 0H26V46H42Q70 46 91 49Q100 53 102 60T104 102V205V293Q104 345 102 359T88 378Q74 385 41 385H30V408Q30 431 32 431L42 432Q52 433 70 434T106 436Q123 437 142 438T171 441T182 442H185V62Q190 52 197 50T232 46H255V0H247Z" transform="translate(625,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(936,410.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Sodium, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;" width="4.26ex" height="1.885ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -822.3 1883.1 833.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M42 46Q74 48 94 56T118 69T128 86V634H124Q114 637 52 637H25V683H232L235 680Q237 679 322 554T493 303L578 178V598Q572 608 568 613T544 627T492 637H475V683H483Q498 680 600 680Q706 680 715 683H724V637H707Q634 633 622 598L621 302V6L614 0H600Q585 0 582 3T481 150T282 443T171 605V345L172 86Q183 50 257 46H274V0H265Q250 3 150 3Q48 3 33 0H25V46H42Z"></path><path data-c="61" d="M137 305T115 305T78 320T63 359Q63 394 97 421T218 448Q291 448 336 416T396 340Q401 326 401 309T402 194V124Q402 76 407 58T428 40Q443 40 448 56T453 109V145H493V106Q492 66 490 59Q481 29 455 12T400 -6T353 12T329 54V58L327 55Q325 52 322 49T314 40T302 29T287 17T269 6T247 -2T221 -8T190 -11Q130 -11 82 20T34 107Q34 128 41 147T68 188T116 225T194 253T304 268H318V290Q318 324 312 340Q290 411 215 411Q197 411 181 410T156 406T148 403Q170 388 170 359Q170 334 154 320ZM126 106Q126 75 150 51T209 26Q247 26 276 49T315 109Q317 116 318 175Q318 233 317 233Q309 233 296 232T251 223T193 203T147 166T126 106Z" transform="translate(750,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1283,410.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Potassium, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="3.193ex" height="1.754ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 1411.1 775.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M128 622Q121 629 117 631T101 634T58 637H25V683H36Q57 680 180 680Q315 680 324 683H335V637H313Q235 637 233 620Q232 618 232 462L233 307L379 449Q425 494 479 546Q518 584 524 591T531 607V608Q531 630 503 636Q501 636 498 636T493 637H489V683H499Q517 680 630 680Q704 680 716 683H722V637H708Q633 633 589 597Q584 592 495 506T406 419T515 254T631 80Q644 60 662 54T715 46H736V0H728Q719 3 615 3Q493 3 472 0H461V46H469Q515 46 515 72Q515 78 512 84L336 351Q332 348 278 296L232 251V156Q232 62 235 58Q243 47 302 46H335V0H324Q303 3 180 3Q45 3 36 0H25V46H58Q100 47 109 49T128 61V622Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(811,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Rubidium, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;" width="4.355ex" height="1.935ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -833.3 1925.1 855.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="52" d="M130 622Q123 629 119 631T103 634T60 637H27V683H202H236H300Q376 683 417 677T500 648Q595 600 609 517Q610 512 610 501Q610 468 594 439T556 392T511 361T472 343L456 338Q459 335 467 332Q497 316 516 298T545 254T559 211T568 155T578 94Q588 46 602 31T640 16H645Q660 16 674 32T692 87Q692 98 696 101T712 105T728 103T732 90Q732 59 716 27T672 -16Q656 -22 630 -22Q481 -16 458 90Q456 101 456 163T449 246Q430 304 373 320L363 322L297 323H231V192L232 61Q238 51 249 49T301 46H334V0H323Q302 3 181 3Q59 3 38 0H27V46H60Q102 47 111 49T130 61V622ZM491 499V509Q491 527 490 539T481 570T462 601T424 623T362 636Q360 636 340 636T304 637H283Q238 637 234 628Q231 624 231 492V360H289Q390 360 434 378T489 456Q491 467 491 499Z"></path><path data-c="62" d="M307 -11Q234 -11 168 55L158 37Q156 34 153 28T147 17T143 10L138 1L118 0H98V298Q98 599 97 603Q94 622 83 628T38 637H20V660Q20 683 22 683L32 684Q42 685 61 686T98 688Q115 689 135 690T165 693T176 694H179V543Q179 391 180 391L183 394Q186 397 192 401T207 411T228 421T254 431T286 439T323 442Q401 442 461 379T522 216Q522 115 458 52T307 -11ZM182 98Q182 97 187 90T196 79T206 67T218 55T233 44T250 35T271 29T295 26Q330 26 363 46T412 113Q424 148 424 212Q424 287 412 323Q385 405 300 405Q270 405 239 390T188 347L182 339V98Z" transform="translate(736,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1325,421.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Cesium, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.048ex;" width="3.957ex" height="1.958ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -844.3 1749.1 865.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path><path data-c="73" d="M295 316Q295 356 268 385T190 414Q154 414 128 401Q98 382 98 349Q97 344 98 336T114 312T157 287Q175 282 201 278T245 269T277 256Q294 248 310 236T342 195T359 133Q359 71 321 31T198 -10H190Q138 -10 94 26L86 19L77 10Q71 4 65 -1L54 -11H46H42Q39 -11 33 -5V74V132Q33 153 35 157T45 162H54Q66 162 70 158T75 146T82 119T101 77Q136 26 198 26Q295 26 295 104Q295 133 277 151Q257 175 194 187T111 210Q75 227 54 256T33 318Q33 357 50 384T93 424T143 442T187 447H198Q238 447 268 432L283 424L292 431Q302 440 314 448H322H326Q329 448 335 442V310L329 304H301Q295 310 295 316Z" transform="translate(722,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1149,432.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Silver, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.466ex;" width="4.26ex" height="2.401ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -855.3 1883.1 1061.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="41" d="M255 0Q240 3 140 3Q48 3 39 0H32V46H47Q119 49 139 88Q140 91 192 245T295 553T348 708Q351 716 366 716H376Q396 715 400 709Q402 707 508 390L617 67Q624 54 636 51T687 46H717V0H708Q699 3 581 3Q458 3 437 0H427V46H440Q510 46 510 64Q510 66 486 138L462 209H229L209 150Q189 91 189 85Q189 72 209 59T259 46H264V0H255ZM447 255L345 557L244 256Q244 255 345 255H447Z"></path><path data-c="67" d="M329 409Q373 453 429 453Q459 453 472 434T485 396Q485 382 476 371T449 360Q416 360 412 390Q410 404 415 411Q415 412 416 414V415Q388 412 363 393Q355 388 355 386Q355 385 359 381T368 369T379 351T388 325T392 292Q392 230 343 187T222 143Q172 143 123 171Q112 153 112 133Q112 98 138 81Q147 75 155 75T227 73Q311 72 335 67Q396 58 431 26Q470 -13 470 -72Q470 -139 392 -175Q332 -206 250 -206Q167 -206 107 -175Q29 -140 29 -75Q29 -39 50 -15T92 18L103 24Q67 55 67 108Q67 155 96 193Q52 237 52 292Q52 355 102 398T223 442Q274 442 318 416L329 409ZM299 343Q294 371 273 387T221 404Q192 404 171 388T145 343Q142 326 142 292Q142 248 149 227T179 192Q196 182 222 182Q244 182 260 189T283 207T294 227T299 242Q302 258 302 292T299 343ZM403 -75Q403 -50 389 -34T348 -11T299 -2T245 0H218Q151 0 138 -6Q118 -15 107 -34T95 -74Q95 -84 101 -97T122 -127T170 -155T250 -167Q319 -167 361 -139T403 -75Z" transform="translate(750,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1283,443.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Copper, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.048ex;" width="4.324ex" height="1.958ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -844.3 1911.1 865.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path><path data-c="75" d="M383 58Q327 -10 256 -10H249Q124 -10 105 89Q104 96 103 226Q102 335 102 348T96 369Q86 385 36 385H25V408Q25 431 27 431L38 432Q48 433 67 434T105 436Q122 437 142 438T172 441T184 442H187V261Q188 77 190 64Q193 49 204 40Q224 26 264 26Q290 26 311 35T343 58T363 90T375 120T379 144Q379 145 379 161T380 201T380 248V315Q380 361 370 372T320 385H302V431Q304 431 378 436T457 442H464V264Q464 84 465 81Q468 61 479 55T524 46H542V0Q540 0 467 -5T390 -11H383V58Z" transform="translate(722,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1311,432.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Nickle, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="3.758ex" height="1.86ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -822.3 1661.1 822.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M42 46Q74 48 94 56T118 69T128 86V634H124Q114 637 52 637H25V683H232L235 680Q237 679 322 554T493 303L578 178V598Q572 608 568 613T544 627T492 637H475V683H483Q498 680 600 680Q706 680 715 683H724V637H707Q634 633 622 598L621 302V6L614 0H600Q585 0 582 3T481 150T282 443T171 605V345L172 86Q183 50 257 46H274V0H265Q250 3 150 3Q48 3 33 0H25V46H42Z"></path><path data-c="69" d="M69 609Q69 637 87 653T131 669Q154 667 171 652T188 609Q188 579 171 564T129 549Q104 549 87 564T69 609ZM247 0Q232 3 143 3Q132 3 106 3T56 1L34 0H26V46H42Q70 46 91 49Q100 53 102 60T104 102V205V293Q104 345 102 359T88 378Q74 385 41 385H30V408Q30 431 32 431L42 432Q52 433 70 434T106 436Q123 437 142 438T171 441T182 442H185V62Q190 52 197 50T232 46H255V0H247Z" transform="translate(750,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1061,410.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div></td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; "><div class="inline-tabular sub-table"><table class="tabular"> <tbody> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Beryllium, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;" width="4.839ex" height="2.018ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -881 2138.7 892"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M131 622Q124 629 120 631T104 634T61 637H28V683H229H267H346Q423 683 459 678T531 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433 60 434T96 436Q112 437 131 438T160 441T171 442H174V373Q213 441 271 441H277Q322 441 343 419T364 373Q364 352 351 337T313 322Q288 322 276 338T263 372Q263 381 265 388T270 400T273 405Q271 407 250 401Q234 393 226 386Q179 341 179 207V154Q179 141 179 127T179 101T180 81T180 66V61Q181 59 183 57T188 54T193 51T200 49T207 48T216 47T225 47T235 46T245 46H276V0H267Q249 3 140 3Q37 3 28 0H20V46H36Z" transform="translate(556,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(981,432.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(500,0)"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Barium, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;" width="4.965ex" height="2.018ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -881 2194.7 892"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g 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410T156 406T148 403Q170 388 170 359Q170 334 154 320ZM126 106Q126 75 150 51T209 26Q247 26 276 49T315 109Q317 116 318 175Q318 233 317 233Q309 233 296 232T251 223T193 203T147 166T126 106Z" transform="translate(708,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1241,410.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(500,0)"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 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vertical-align: middle; ">Lead, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;" width="5.031ex" height="2.043ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -892 2223.7 903"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="50" d="M130 622Q123 629 119 631T103 634T60 637H27V683H214Q237 683 276 683T331 684Q419 684 471 671T567 616Q624 563 624 489Q624 421 573 372T451 307Q429 302 328 301H234V181Q234 62 237 58Q245 47 304 46H337V0H326Q305 3 182 3Q47 3 38 0H27V46H60Q102 47 111 49T130 61V622ZM507 488Q507 514 506 528T500 564T483 597T450 620T397 635Q385 637 307 637H286Q237 637 234 628Q231 624 231 483V342H302H339Q390 342 423 349T481 382Q507 411 507 488Z"></path><path data-c="62" d="M307 -11Q234 -11 168 55L158 37Q156 34 153 28T147 17T143 10L138 1L118 0H98V298Q98 599 97 603Q94 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<mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;" width="4.748ex" height="2.093ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -903 2098.7 925"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="53" d="M55 507Q55 590 112 647T243 704H257Q342 704 405 641L426 672Q431 679 436 687T446 700L449 704Q450 704 453 704T459 705H463Q466 705 472 699V462L466 456H448Q437 456 435 459T430 479Q413 605 329 646Q292 662 254 662Q201 662 168 626T135 542Q135 508 152 480T200 435Q210 431 286 412T370 389Q427 367 463 314T500 191Q500 110 448 45T301 -21Q245 -21 201 -4T140 27L122 41Q118 36 107 21T87 -7T78 -21Q76 -22 68 -22H64Q61 -22 55 -16V101Q55 220 56 222Q58 227 76 227H89Q95 221 95 214Q95 182 105 151T139 90T205 42T305 24Q352 24 386 62T420 155Q420 198 398 233T340 281Q284 295 266 300Q261 301 239 306T206 314T174 325T141 343T112 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style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Lead, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;" width="5.031ex" height="2.061ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -899.8 2223.7 910.8"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="50" d="M130 622Q123 629 119 631T103 634T60 637H27V683H214Q237 683 276 683T331 684Q419 684 471 671T567 616Q624 563 624 489Q624 421 573 372T451 307Q429 302 328 301H234V181Q234 62 237 58Q245 47 304 46H337V0H326Q305 3 182 3Q47 3 38 0H27V46H60Q102 47 111 49T130 61V622ZM507 488Q507 514 506 528T500 564T483 597T450 620T397 635Q385 637 307 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442Q450 438 463 329Q464 322 464 190V104Q464 66 466 59T477 49Q498 46 526 46H542V0H534L510 1Q487 2 460 2T422 3Q319 3 310 0H302V46H318Q379 46 379 62Q380 64 380 200Q379 335 378 343Q372 371 358 385T334 402T308 404Q263 404 229 370Q202 343 195 315T187 232V168V108Q187 78 188 68T191 55T200 49Q221 46 249 46H265V0H257L234 1Q210 2 183 2T145 3Q42 3 33 0H25V46H41Z" transform="translate(556,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1145,432.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(500,0)"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 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auto; vertical-align: middle; ">2-</td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-width: 1px !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">3-</td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-width: 1px !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">4-</td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-width: 1px !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Fluoride, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="2.91ex" height="1.754ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 1286.1 775.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="46" d="M128 619Q121 626 117 628T101 631T58 634H25V680H582V676Q584 670 596 560T610 444V440H570V444Q563 493 561 501Q555 538 543 563T516 601T477 622T431 631T374 633H334H286Q252 633 244 631T233 621Q232 619 232 490V363H284Q287 363 303 363T327 364T349 367T372 373T389 385Q407 403 410 459V480H450V200H410V221Q407 276 389 296Q381 303 371 307T348 313T327 316T303 317T284 317H232V189L233 61Q240 54 245 52T270 48T333 46H360V0H348Q324 3 182 3Q51 3 36 0H25V46H58Q100 47 109 49T128 61V619Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(686,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span> Chloride, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.048ex;" width="3.695ex" height="1.958ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -844.3 1633.1 865.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path><path data-c="6C" d="M42 46H56Q95 46 103 60V68Q103 77 103 91T103 124T104 167T104 217T104 272T104 329Q104 366 104 407T104 482T104 542T103 586T103 603Q100 622 89 628T44 637H26V660Q26 683 28 683L38 684Q48 685 67 686T104 688Q121 689 141 690T171 693T182 694H185V379Q185 62 186 60Q190 52 198 49Q219 46 247 46H263V0H255L232 1Q209 2 183 2T145 3T107 3T57 1L34 0H26V46H42Z" transform="translate(722,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1033,432.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span> Bromide, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="3.921ex" height="1.86ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -822.3 1733.1 822.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M131 622Q124 629 120 631T104 634T61 637H28V683H229H267H346Q423 683 459 678T531 651Q574 627 599 590T624 512Q624 461 583 419T476 360L466 357Q539 348 595 302T651 187Q651 119 600 67T469 3Q456 1 242 0H28V46H61Q103 47 112 49T131 61V622ZM511 513Q511 560 485 594T416 636Q415 636 403 636T371 636T333 637Q266 637 251 636T232 628Q229 624 229 499V374H312L396 375L406 377Q410 378 417 380T442 393T474 417T499 456T511 513ZM537 188Q537 239 509 282T430 336L329 337H229V200V116Q229 57 234 52Q240 47 334 47H383Q425 47 443 53Q486 67 511 104T537 188Z"></path><path data-c="72" d="M36 46H50Q89 46 97 60V68Q97 77 97 91T98 122T98 161T98 203Q98 234 98 269T98 328L97 351Q94 370 83 376T38 385H20V408Q20 431 22 431L32 432Q42 433 60 434T96 436Q112 437 131 438T160 441T171 442H174V373Q213 441 271 441H277Q322 441 343 419T364 373Q364 352 351 337T313 322Q288 322 276 338T263 372Q263 381 265 388T270 400T273 405Q271 407 250 401Q234 393 226 386Q179 341 179 207V154Q179 141 179 127T179 101T180 81T180 66V61Q181 59 183 57T188 54T193 51T200 49T207 48T216 47T225 47T235 46T245 46H276V0H267Q249 3 140 3Q37 3 28 0H20V46H36Z" transform="translate(708,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1133,410.1) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span> Iodide, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="2.249ex" height="1.754ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 994.1 775.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="49" d="M328 0Q307 3 180 3T32 0H21V46H43Q92 46 106 49T126 60Q128 63 128 342Q128 620 126 623Q122 628 118 630T96 635T43 637H21V683H32Q53 680 180 680T328 683H339V637H317Q268 637 254 634T234 623Q232 620 232 342Q232 63 234 60Q238 55 242 53T264 48T317 46H339V0H328Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(394,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span> Hydride, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="3.129ex" height="1.754ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 1383.1 775.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="48" d="M128 622Q121 629 117 631T101 634T58 637H25V683H36Q57 680 180 680Q315 680 324 683H335V637H302Q262 636 251 634T233 622L232 500V378H517V622Q510 629 506 631T490 634T447 637H414V683H425Q446 680 569 680Q704 680 713 683H724V637H691Q651 636 640 634T622 622V61Q628 51 639 49T691 46H724V0H713Q692 3 569 3Q434 3 425 0H414V46H447Q489 47 498 49T517 61V332H232V197L233 61Q239 51 250 49T302 46H335V0H324Q303 3 180 3Q45 3 36 0H25V46H58Q100 47 109 49T128 61V622Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(783,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Oxide, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;" width="3.992ex" height="1.937ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -833.9 1764.7 855.9"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4F" d="M56 340Q56 423 86 494T164 610T270 680T388 705Q521 705 621 601T722 341Q722 260 693 191T617 75T510 4T388 -22T267 3T160 74T85 189T56 340ZM467 647Q426 665 388 665Q360 665 331 654T269 620T213 549T179 439Q174 411 174 354Q174 144 277 61Q327 20 385 20H389H391Q474 20 537 99Q603 188 603 354Q603 411 598 439Q577 592 467 647Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(811,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(500,0)"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span> Sulfide, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;" width="3.49ex" height="1.937ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -833.9 1542.7 855.9"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g 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186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(500,0)"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Nitride, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="3.929ex" height="1.885ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -833.2 1736.7 833.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M42 46Q74 48 94 56T118 69T128 86V634H124Q114 637 52 637H25V683H232L235 680Q237 679 322 554T493 303L578 178V598Q572 608 568 613T544 627T492 637H475V683H483Q498 680 600 680Q706 680 715 683H724V637H707Q634 633 622 598L621 302V6L614 0H600Q585 0 582 3T481 150T282 443T171 605V345L172 86Q183 50 257 46H274V0H265Q250 3 150 3Q48 3 33 0H25V46H42Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(783,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(500,0)"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span> Phosphide, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: 0;" width="3.773ex" height="1.885ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -833.2 1667.7 833.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="50" d="M130 622Q123 629 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174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(500,0)"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Carbide, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.048ex;" width="3.866ex" height="1.952ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -841.7 1708.7 862.7"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(755,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(500,0)"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div></div> <h2 type="section" data-unnumbered="true" id="common-polyatomic-ions" class="section-title"> COMMON POLYATOMIC IONS</h2> <div class="table_tabular" style="text-align: center"> <div class="inline-tabular"><table class="tabular"> <tbody> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: center; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-width: 1px !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; " colspan="3">1+</td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: center; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-width: 1px !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; " colspan="3">Ammonium, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;" width="5.814ex" height="2.093ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 2569.7 925.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M42 46Q74 48 94 56T118 69T128 86V634H124Q114 637 52 637H25V683H232L235 680Q237 679 322 554T493 303L578 178V598Q572 608 568 613T544 627T492 637H475V683H483Q498 680 600 680Q706 680 715 683H724V637H707Q634 633 622 598L621 302V6L614 0H600Q585 0 582 3T481 150T282 443T171 605V345L172 86Q183 50 257 46H274V0H265Q250 3 150 3Q48 3 33 0H25V46H42Z"></path><path data-c="48" d="M128 622Q121 629 117 631T101 634T58 637H25V683H36Q57 680 180 680Q315 680 324 683H335V637H302Q262 636 251 634T233 622L232 500V378H517V622Q510 629 506 631T490 634T447 637H414V683H425Q446 680 569 680Q704 680 713 683H724V637H691Q651 636 640 634T622 622V61Q628 51 639 49T691 46H724V0H713Q692 3 569 3Q434 3 425 0H414V46H447Q489 47 498 49T517 61V332H232V197L233 61Q239 51 250 49T302 46H335V0H324Q303 3 180 3Q45 3 36 0H25V46H58Q100 47 109 49T128 61V622Z" transform="translate(750,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1533,-150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(1936.6,0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(33,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2B" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H369V420L370 570Q380 583 389 583Q402 583 409 568V270H707Q722 262 722 250T707 230H409V-68Q401 -82 391 -82H389H387Q375 -82 369 -68V230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-width: 1px !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">1-</td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">2-</td> <td style="text-align: left; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">3-</td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-width: 1px !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; "><div class="inline-tabular sub-table"><table class="tabular"> <tbody> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Acetate, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.375ex;" width="9.486ex" height="2.129ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 4192.8 940.8"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(755,-150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(1158.6,0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="48" d="M128 622Q121 629 117 631T101 634T58 637H25V683H36Q57 680 180 680Q315 680 324 683H335V637H302Q262 636 251 634T233 622L232 500V378H517V622Q510 629 506 631T490 634T447 637H414V683H425Q446 680 569 680Q704 680 713 683H724V637H691Q651 636 640 634T622 622V61Q628 51 639 49T691 46H724V0H713Q692 3 569 3Q434 3 425 0H414V46H447Q489 47 498 49T517 61V332H232V197L233 61Q239 51 250 49T302 46H335V0H324Q303 3 180 3Q45 3 36 0H25V46H58Q100 47 109 49T128 61V622Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(783,-150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(2345.1,0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4F" d="M56 340Q56 423 86 494T164 610T270 680T388 705Q521 705 621 601T722 341Q722 260 693 191T617 75T510 4T388 -22T267 3T160 74T85 189T56 340ZM467 647Q426 665 388 665Q360 665 331 654T269 620T213 549T179 439Q174 411 174 354Q174 144 277 61Q327 20 385 20H389H391Q474 20 537 99Q603 188 603 354Q603 411 598 439Q577 592 467 647Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(811,-150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(3559.7,0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(33,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Bicarbonate, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.375ex;" width="7.511ex" height="2.129ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 3319.7 940.8"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="48" d="M128 622Q121 629 117 631T101 634T58 637H25V683H36Q57 680 180 680Q315 680 324 683H335V637H302Q262 636 251 634T233 622L232 500V378H517V622Q510 629 506 631T490 634T447 637H414V683H425Q446 680 569 680Q704 680 713 683H724V637H691Q651 636 640 634T622 622V61Q628 51 639 49T691 46H724V0H713Q692 3 569 3Q434 3 425 0H414V46H447Q489 47 498 49T517 61V332H232V197L233 61Q239 51 250 49T302 46H335V0H324Q303 3 180 3Q45 3 36 0H25V46H58Q100 47 109 49T128 61V622Z"></path><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z" transform="translate(750,0)"></path><path data-c="4F" d="M56 340Q56 423 86 494T164 610T270 680T388 705Q521 705 621 601T722 341Q722 260 693 191T617 75T510 4T388 -22T267 3T160 74T85 189T56 340ZM467 647Q426 665 388 665Q360 665 331 654T269 620T213 549T179 439Q174 411 174 354Q174 144 277 61Q327 20 385 20H389H391Q474 20 537 99Q603 188 603 354Q603 411 598 439Q577 592 467 647Z" transform="translate(1472,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(2283,-150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2686.6,0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(33,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Chlorate, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.375ex;" width="6.443ex" height="2.129ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 2847.7 940.8"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path><path data-c="6C" d="M42 46H56Q95 46 103 60V68Q103 77 103 91T103 124T104 167T104 217T104 272T104 329Q104 366 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37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2214.6,0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(33,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Chlorite, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;" width="6.443ex" height="2.093ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 2847.7 925.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path><path data-c="6C" d="M42 46H56Q95 46 103 60V68Q103 77 103 91T103 124T104 167T104 217T104 272T104 329Q104 366 104 407T104 482T104 542T103 586T103 603Q100 622 89 628T44 637H26V660Q26 683 28 683L38 684Q48 685 67 686T104 688Q121 689 141 690T171 693T182 694H185V379Q185 62 186 60Q190 52 198 49Q219 46 247 46H263V0H255L232 1Q209 2 183 2T145 3T107 3T57 1L34 0H26V46H42Z" transform="translate(722,0)"></path><path data-c="4F" d="M56 340Q56 423 86 494T164 610T270 680T388 705Q521 705 621 601T722 341Q722 260 693 191T617 75T510 4T388 -22T267 3T160 74T85 189T56 340ZM467 647Q426 665 388 665Q360 665 331 654T269 620T213 549T179 439Q174 411 174 354Q174 144 277 61Q327 20 385 20H389H391Q474 20 537 99Q603 188 603 354Q603 411 598 439Q577 592 467 647Z" transform="translate(1000,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1811,-150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2214.6,0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(33,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Cyanide, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.048ex;" width="4.763ex" height="1.958ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -844.3 2105.1 865.3"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path><path data-c="4E" d="M42 46Q74 48 94 56T118 69T128 86V634H124Q114 637 52 637H25V683H232L235 680Q237 679 322 554T493 303L578 178V598Q572 608 568 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!important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Nitrite, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;" width="5.877ex" height="2.093ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 2597.7 925.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M42 46Q74 48 94 56T118 69T128 86V634H124Q114 637 52 637H25V683H232L235 680Q237 679 322 554T493 303L578 178V598Q572 608 568 613T544 627T492 637H475V683H483Q498 680 600 680Q706 680 715 683H724V637H707Q634 633 622 598L621 302V6L614 0H600Q585 0 582 3T481 150T282 443T171 605V345L172 86Q183 50 257 46H274V0H265Q250 3 150 3Q48 3 33 0H25V46H42Z"></path><path data-c="4F" d="M56 340Q56 423 86 494T164 610T270 680T388 705Q521 705 621 601T722 341Q722 260 693 191T617 75T510 4T388 -22T267 3T160 74T85 189T56 340ZM467 647Q426 665 388 665Q360 665 331 654T269 620T213 549T179 439Q174 411 174 354Q174 144 277 61Q327 20 385 20H389H391Q474 20 537 99Q603 188 603 354Q603 411 598 439Q577 592 467 647Z" transform="translate(750,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(1561,-150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(1964.6,0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(33,363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></mjx-container></span></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Permanganate, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;" width="7.513ex" height="2.093ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -775.2 3320.7 925.2"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g 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200Q379 335 378 343Q372 371 358 385T334 402T308 404Q263 404 229 370Q202 343 195 315T187 232V168V108Q187 78 188 68T191 55T200 49Q221 46 249 46H265V0H257L234 1Q210 2 183 2T145 3Q42 3 33 0H25V46H41Z" transform="translate(917,0)"></path><path data-c="4F" d="M56 340Q56 423 86 494T164 610T270 680T388 705Q521 705 621 601T722 341Q722 260 693 191T617 75T510 4T388 -22T267 3T160 74T85 189T56 340ZM467 647Q426 665 388 665Q360 665 331 654T269 620T213 549T179 439Q174 411 174 354Q174 144 277 61Q327 20 385 20H389H391Q474 20 537 99Q603 188 603 354Q603 411 598 439Q577 592 467 647Z" transform="translate(1473,0)"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(2284,-150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 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">Carbonate, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.375ex;" width="6.614ex" height="2.261ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -833.9 2923.2 999.5"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M56 342Q56 428 89 500T174 615T283 681T391 705Q394 705 400 705T408 704Q499 704 569 636L582 624L612 663Q639 700 643 704Q644 704 647 704T653 705H657Q660 705 666 699V419L660 413H626Q620 419 619 430Q610 512 571 572T476 651Q457 658 426 658Q322 658 252 588Q173 509 173 342Q173 221 211 151Q232 111 263 84T328 45T384 29T428 24Q517 24 571 93T626 244Q626 251 632 257H660L666 251V236Q661 133 590 56T403 -21Q262 -21 159 83T56 342Z"></path><path data-c="4F" d="M56 340Q56 423 86 494T164 610T270 680T388 705Q521 705 621 601T722 341Q722 260 693 191T617 75T510 4T388 -22T267 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style="border-top: none !important; border-bottom: none !important;"> <td style="text-align: left; border-left: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; border-top: none !important; width: auto; vertical-align: middle; ">Sulfate, <span class="math-inline "> <mjx-container class="MathJax" jax="SVG"><svg style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;" width="6.238ex" height="2.226ex" role="img" focusable="false" viewbox="0 -833.9 2757.2 983.9"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="scale(1,-1)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="53" d="M55 507Q55 590 112 647T243 704H257Q342 704 405 641L426 672Q431 679 436 687T446 700L449 704Q450 704 453 704T459 705H463Q466 705 472 699V462L466 456H448Q437 456 435 459T430 479Q413 605 329 646Q292 662 254 662Q201 662 168 626T135 542Q135 508 152 480T200 435Q210 431 286 412T370 389Q427 367 463 314T500 191Q500 110 448 45T301 -21Q245 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